CESGRANRIO 2026 • Inglês • Fundação Osório • Questão 30 • Professor

Cesgranrio
B3GE™ • Questão Comentada
CESGRANRIO 2026 • Questão Comentada
Inglês • Fundação Osório • Professor • Prova 6
📄 Prova Oficial ✓ Gabarito Oficial
30
B3GE™ • Concursos Públicos Questão
CESGRANRIO 2026 • Inglês • Fundação Osório • Professor
🎯 21. Perfect Tenses | 01. Artificial Intelligence & Robotics |
Text I
African schools gear up for the AI revolution 

1        The emergence of cheap or free AI tools is being eagerly embraced by those with smartphones and the ability to get online. As governments and legislators struggle to get their heads around the implications of this powerful technology and work out how to bring in regulations for its safe use, millions of people are enjoying its ability to save time, helping them to transforming raw data into essays, exam answers, or, with a bit more work, even videos and podcasts.
2        Even in developing countries where electricity and internet access is limited (it’s estimated that over 570 million people in Africa lack electricity), there is enthusiasm for the potential of AI. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), for example, a nation riven by internal conflict, poverty and vast inequality, educators are seeing the impact of AI. “It is obvious that our country is lagging behind in terms of new technologies for one reason or nother,” says Benjamin Sivanzire, a teacher in Beni, North Kivu Province. “Many parts of the DRC do not even have traditional methods of communication, or even radio or television.” However, even though Mr. Sivanzire and his students are not yet able to make use of AI in their classes, they are seeing it being used in the wider culture, often in a negative way, to manipulate public opinion. The teacher underlines the importance of educating people to distinguish between verifiable information and lies. “There are videos created by artificial intelligence that show images that are not real and have been created for propaganda purposes,” he explains.
3        One concern that is frequently raised is the extent to which the development of AI tools is concentrated in the hands of a relatively small group of people. Farida Shahid, the independent Special Rapporteur on the right to education, shares these concerns. “AI algorithms are being made by individuals who often sit in a particular location, such as Silicon Valley, where the people who make and test them have their own biases,” she says. “Often the algorithms don’t do well at recognizing people with dark skin. They also have great problems with people who are autistic and don’t like looking into cameras. “Another example is the UK where, recently, an AI program was used to grade exam papers. This led to decisions that were biased against people from certain ethnic backgrounds. We really need to look at this issue more closely, starting with the human rights perspective, and I think that’s where the U.N. role comes in: if you increasingly rely on AI as the source of verification, you’re going to have problems because you are using a framework which privileges white males, and doesn’t reflect the whole gamut of people’s lives and experiences”.
4        The urgent need to expand the developer talent base has been identified by the UN as central to ensuring that a wide variety of voices are heard in the “EdTech” (educational technology) space. Shafika Isaacs, the head of technology and AI at the UN agency for science, technology and education (UNESCO), says that the number of African EdTech startups has been mushrooming in recent years, with entrepreneurs experimenting with the AIenabled digital tools which could support learning and teaching across many different contexts, including in African languages, and local dialects. “I’ve personally engaged with a startup that matches high school students to career pathways, including choosing the right university, community college or even entrepreneurship program. They have seen strong results because of their focus on children in underprivileged contexts and schools. Tech startups have also looked at developing AI-enabled mobile apps, including chat bots, that can support teachers in teaching literacy or teaching mathematics. “The challenge is that there’s often a disconnect between the public education system and tech startups. We need educators to be proactive in engaging with those developing tools, and we encourage students and teachers to learn how to create and design technologies that are relevant to their linguistic and cultural contexts.”
5        Many African governments are keen to adopt national AI strategies and integrate AI into their national policies on technologies in education. In Côte d’Ivoire, where AI is already being widely used in the private sector, Mariatou Koné, the Minister of Education, says that the country’s education system is undergoing a transformation, following a 2022 review which recommended a digitalization strategy. “We have put in place initiatives to ensure that everyone is aware of the issue of AI. It can provide individual learning programs, and help struggling students to improve,” said Ms. Koné. “However, we are worried about potential abuses. We have to be able to protect personal data and ensure that learners are aware of the potential dangers.” The Minister agrees that, in order to guard against bias, the pool of engineers building AI tools needs to be expanded. “We need the right tools, adapted to the African context, to the Ivorian context. We have our own history, our own heritage. If we create our own industry, it has to be adapted to the realities of Côte d’Ivoire.”

🔗 Texto adaptado de:
🔗 Available at: https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/01/1159621. Retrieved on: January 6, 2026.

Considering the following excerpts from Text I, the tense/aspect is correctly identified and its use in the text is accurately explained in

Excerpt Tense/Aspect Explanation
(A) “is being eagerly embraced”, paragraph 1. Present Continuous Passive It’s used to describe a general, permanent state of affairs regarding technology in African schools.
(B) “recommended a digitalization strategy”, paragraph 5. Present Perfect It’s used because the recommendation occurred recently and still has an impact.
(C) “has been mushrooming in the recent years”, paragraph 4. Present Perfect Continuous It’s used to describe an action that started in the past and is still continuing in the present, emphasizing the ongoing process of growth.
(D) “is undergoing a transformation”, paragraph 5. Future Continuous It’s used to indicate that the changes in the Ivorian education system will take place at a specific point in the future.
(E) “have been created for propaganda purposes”, paragraph 2. Past Continuous Passive It’s used to describe a temporary action that was in progress at a specific moment in the past when the images were seen.
📊 Revisão da questão
CESGRANRIO 2026 • Inglês • Fundação Osório • Professor
Questão 30 • Gabarito: (C)
Enunciado:

Considering the following excerpts from Text I, the tense/aspect is correctly identified and its use in the text is accurately explained in:
🔎 Leitura Orientada
A questão apresenta cinco trechos do texto e, em cada alternativa, combina três elementos:

① o fragmento verbal;
② a identificação do tempo/aspecto;
③ a explicação de seu uso no contexto.

Portanto, não basta reconhecer o nome do tempo verbal. A alternativa correta precisa apresentar forma gramatical + identificação correta + interpretação contextual adequada.
🎯 Trecho decisivo:

O item correto apresenta:
“has been mushrooming”
A estrutura pode ser desmontada assim:
has + been + mushrooming
auxiliary + past participle of be + V-ing
Portanto:
Present Perfect Continuous
🟢 GABARITO VERDÃO: (C)
A alternativa (C) é a única que acerta simultaneamente a identificação do tempo/aspecto e sua função no contexto.

O texto afirma:
“the number of African EdTech startups has been mushrooming in recent years”
A construção apresenta um processo que se iniciou anteriormente e vem se desenvolvendo ao longo de um período recente, mantendo conexão com o presente.
🧠 Por que a alternativa C está correta?
O Present Perfect Continuous combina duas informações importantes:

Perfect → estabelece uma conexão entre o passado e o presente.
Continuous → enfatiza o desenvolvimento ou continuidade do processo.

Assim:
PASSADO  ──────────────►  PRESENTE
início do processo       crescimento em desenvolvimento
O verbo mushrooming reforça ainda mais essa leitura, pois transmite a ideia de crescimento rápido, expansão ou aumento progressivo.

Portanto, a explicação da alternativa C — “started in the past and is still continuing in the present” — corresponde adequadamente ao funcionamento da forma verbal no texto.
🧩 Regra B3GE™:

Quando aparecer:
have/has + been + V-ing
reconheça:
Present Perfect Continuous
E procure no contexto a ideia de processo iniciado anteriormente e desenvolvido até o presente, especialmente quando o foco está na continuidade ou duração da atividade.
📝 Análise das alternativas
(A) ❌
Distrator 18 — Confusão entre conceitos.
A identificação de “is being eagerly embraced” como Present Continuous Passive está correta. O erro está na explicação de seu uso.

A alternativa afirma que a forma descreve uma general, permanent state of affairs. Entretanto, o Present Continuous apresenta uma situação em desenvolvimento, e não uma condição geral e permanente.

Portanto, a alternativa mistura uma identificação formal correta com uma interpretação aspectual inadequada.
(B) ❌
Distrator 14 — Grammar Trap.
O trecho “recommended a digitalization strategy” está no Simple Past, e não no Present Perfect.

A própria referência temporal “a 2022 review” apresenta o acontecimento como um fato situado no passado.

Para formar Present Perfect, seria necessário um auxiliar: has/have + past participle.
(C) 🟢 GABARITO VERDÃO
Competência avaliada: 21. Perfect Tenses.
A construção “has been mushrooming” apresenta:
has + been + V-ing
→ Present Perfect Continuous
O uso é adequado porque o crescimento das startups africanas é apresentado como um processo iniciado anteriormente e que vem se desenvolvendo no período recente, com conexão com o presente.

A expressão “mushrooming” reforça a ideia de crescimento e expansão progressiva.
(D) ❌
Distrator 14 — Grammar Trap.
A expressão “is undergoing” não está no Future Continuous.

Sua estrutura é:
is + V-ing → Present Continuous
O Future Continuous exigiria:
will + be + V-ing
Além disso, o contexto descreve uma transformação que está ocorrendo, e não uma ação situada em um momento futuro específico.
(E) ❌
Distrator 14 — Grammar Trap.
A forma “have been created” é Present Perfect Passive, e não Past Continuous Passive.

Sua estrutura é:
have + been + past participle
→ Present Perfect Passive
O Past Continuous Passive teria a estrutura:
was/were + being + past participle
Portanto, tanto a identificação quanto a explicação da alternativa estão incorretas.
🧠 Resumo B3GE™ Master
A Q30 exige uma leitura em três níveis:
1. Forma: como o verbo é construído?
2. Tempo/aspecto: qual é sua classificação gramatical?
3. Função: por que essa forma foi utilizada no contexto?
Na alternativa correta:
has been mushrooming
↓
Present Perfect Continuous
O Perfect conecta o processo passado ao presente, enquanto o Continuous destaca seu desenvolvimento.

É justamente essa combinação de tempo + aspecto + significado contextual que torna a alternativa (C) correta.
🏛️ Classificação B3GE™ Final
SILO 2 — Linguístico
thematic: Grammar in Context
theme: 21. Perfect Tenses
Peça Operativa Principal: Present Perfect Continuous / Tense-Aspect Interpretation

SILO 3 — Contextual
contentTopic: 01. Artificial Intelligence & Robotics
subtheme: Artificial Intelligence, Education, EdTech, African Schools
🎯 Justificativa B3GE™

A questão avalia 21. Perfect Tenses, tendo como Peça Operativa Cognitiva Principal a identificação e interpretação contextual de estruturas de tempo e aspecto. A construção has been mushrooming corresponde ao Present Perfect Continuous e expressa um processo iniciado no passado e desenvolvido ao longo do período recente, com conexão com o presente. A alternativa (C) é a única que apresenta simultaneamente a identificação gramatical e a explicação contextual corretas.
🎯 GABARITO FINAL
(C) — Present Perfect Continuous
has been mushrooming → processo passado em desenvolvimento até o presente