VUNESP • São Bernardo do Campo
🔐 Texto de apoio
Learning strategies are defined as “specific actions, behaviors, steps, or techniques—such as seeking out conversation partners, or giving one self-encouragement to tackle a difficult language task—used by students to enhance their own learning. When the learner consciously chooses strategies that suit his or her learning style and the L2 task at hand, these strategies become a useful toolkit for active, conscious, and purposeful self-regulation of learning. Learning strategies can be classified into six types; the compensatory strategies, for example, are those that help the learner make up for missing knowledge.
A given strategy is neither good nor bad; it is neutral until the context of its use is thoroughly considered. What makes a strategy positive and helpful for a given learner? A strategy is useful if the following conditions are present: (a) the strategy relates to the L2 task at hand; (b) the strategy fits the particular student’s learning style preferences to one degree or another; and (c) the student employs the strategy effectivety and links it with other relevant strategies. Strategies that fulfill these conditions “make learning easier, faster, more enjoyable, more self-directed, more effective, and more transferable to new situations” (Oxford 1990, p. 8). Learning strategies can also enable students to become more independent and lifelong learners.
🔗 Texto adaptado de:
🔗 (Rebecca Oxford. Language Learning Styles and Strategies.)
QUESTÃO
In the fragment from the first paragraph “Learning strategies are defined as ‘specific actions, behaviors, steps, or techniques—such as seeking out conversation partners, or giving oneself encouragement to tackle a difficult language task—used by students to enhance their own learning. When the learner consciously chooses strategies that suit his or her learning style and the L2 task at hand’”, the underlined verbs mean in the context, respectively,
end up; improve; fit well into.
focus on; complement; correspond.
take up; boost; depend on.
engage in; promote; benefit from.
deal with; increase; fit well into.
📝 Resolução Comentada – Questão 56
A questão avalia o domínio de sinonímia lexical em contexto. O candidato não deve traduzir cada verbo isoladamente, mas identificar qual conjunto de sinônimos preserva exatamente o sentido produzido pelo texto.
No trecho, Oxford define estratégias de aprendizagem como ações conscientes utilizadas para enfrentar tarefas difíceis e melhorar o próprio processo de aprendizagem.
O trecho decisivo é:
"...giving oneself encouragement to tackle a difficult language task... used by students to enhance their own learning. When the learner consciously chooses strategies that suit his or her learning style..."
Nesse contexto:
- tackle = deal with (enfrentar, lidar com);
- enhance = increase (aumentar, melhorar);
- suit = fit well into (adequar-se, combinar).
- O Comando: identificar o conjunto de sinônimos que preserva o significado original dos três verbos.
- O Gatilho do Gabarito: perceber que todos os verbos pertencem ao vocabulário acadêmico típico da Linguística Aplicada e da Psicologia da Aprendizagem.
- Por que é médio? Os distratores apresentam verbos semanticamente próximos, mas alteram nuances importantes do significado.
(A) ❌ end up; improve; fit well into.
Incorreta. End up significa "acabar" ou "terminar", não "enfrentar". O primeiro verbo já invalida a alternativa.
(B) ❌ focus on; complement; correspond.
Incorreta. Tackle não significa simplesmente "focar em", e enhance vai além de "complementar".
(C) ❌ take up; boost; depend on.
Incorreta. Embora boost seja próximo de enhance, take up e depend on não preservam os sentidos de tackle e suit.
(D) ❌ engage in; promote; benefit from.
Incorreta. Os três verbos modificam o significado original do texto. Suit não significa "benefit from".
(E) ✅ deal with; increase; fit well into.
Correta. Os três verbos preservam exatamente o significado contextual: tackle = deal with, enhance = increase/improve e suit = fit well into.
- Tackle → deal with.
- Enhance → increase / improve.
- Suit → fit well into.
Chunk family:
- Tackle a problem (enfrentar um problema)
- Deal with (lidar com)
- Enhance learning (melhorar a aprendizagem)
- Increase performance (aumentar o desempenho)
- Suit one's learning style (adequar-se ao estilo de aprendizagem)
- Fit well into (encaixar-se bem)
Gabarito Oficial: E