FEPESE 2025 • Inglês • São José - SC
🔐 Texto de apoio
Education encompasses the teaching and acquisition of knowledge, proper conduct, and technical proficiency. It emphasizes the development of skills, trades, or professions, along with mental, moral, and aesthetic growth.
Formal education entails structured instruction, teaching, and training delivered by professional educators. It involves the application of pedagogy and the creation of curricula.
The right to education is a fundamental human right. Since 1952, Article 2 of the First Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights has mandated all signatory parties to ensure this right. At the global level, the United Nations’ International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights of 1966 guarantees the right to education under Article 13.
Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often targeting children and youth. A curriculum outlines what students should know, understand, and be capable of doing after completing their education. The teaching profession facilitates learning, and a framework of policies, regulations, examinations, structures, and funding supports educators in delivering high-quality education.
Primary (or elementary) education encompasses the initial years of formal, structured education. Typically lasting six or seven years, primary education begins around the age of 5 or 6, though this timeframe varies among countries. Globally, approximately 70% of primary-age children are enrolled in primary education, with this figure steadily increasing.
In most contemporary educational systems worldwide, secondary education covers the subsequent years of formal education occurring during adolescence. It marks the transition from compulsory, comprehensive primary education for minors to optional, selective tertiary, or higher education (e.g., university, vocational school) for adults.
Higher education, also referred to as tertiary, third stage, or post-secondary education, is the non-compulsory educational level following the completion of secondary schooling, such as high school or secondary school. Tertiary education typically includes undergraduate and postgraduate programs, as well as vocational education and training. Colleges and universities serve as the primary institutions offering tertiary education and are collectively known as tertiary institutions. Completion of tertiary education often leads to the attainment of certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees.
🔗 Texto adaptado de:
🔗 source: myenglishpages
Study these sentences based on Text 1.
1. As used in the first paragraph of Text 1, a near-synonym for aesthetic is attractive. 2. In the sentence “Formal education entails structured instruction, teaching, and training delivered by professional educators”, the underlined words are continuous tenses. 3. The words children and curriculum in the fourth paragraph of Text 1 are singular nouns. 4. The word adolescence in “secondary education covers the subsequent years of formal education occurring during adolescence” can be replaced by youth without changing its meaning.
Choose the alternative which presents the correct affirmatives.
Only alternative 2 is correct.
Only alternative 3 is correct.
Alternatives 1 and 4 are correct.
Alternatives 2 and 3 are correct.
Alternatives 3 and 4 are correct.
📝 Resolução Comentada – Questão 22
A questão reúne análise lexical e morfológica. O candidato precisa verificar sinonímia contextual, função das formas em -ing e flexão de número dos substantivos.
O julgamento correto é:
1 — CORRETA
2 — INCORRETA
3 — INCORRETA
4 — CORRETA
Logo: apenas as afirmativas 1 e 4 estão corretas.
Afirmativa 1 — Correta: no contexto de aesthetic growth, o adjetivo aesthetic relaciona-se à beleza e admite attractive como sinônimo aproximado.
Afirmativa 2 — Incorreta: teaching e training não formam tempos contínuos. Na estrutura, funcionam como núcleos nominais coordenados após entails.
Afirmativa 3 — Incorreta: children é o plural irregular de child. Já curriculum está no singular.
Afirmativa 4 — Correta: no contexto do período escolar que ocorre durante a adolescência, youth preserva o sentido geral de adolescence.
🟢 (C) Gabarito Oficial
Mecanismo explorado: análise conjunta de equivalência lexical, função morfossintática e flexão nominal.
Mapeamento:
aesthetic ≈ attractive → correta
teaching / training → formas nominais, não tempos contínuos
children → plural irregular
curriculum → singular
adolescence ≈ youth → correta
Nota técnica: A banca combina fenômenos diferentes para impedir que o candidato resolva a questão por reconhecimento superficial de apenas uma regra.
❌ (A)
Tipo do Distrator: Distorção de Sentido (Distortion of Meaning).
Por que está errada?
A alternativa considera correta somente a afirmativa 2, mas teaching e training não constituem tempos verbais contínuos.
Mapeamento do Erro:
O Texto apresenta:
structured instruction, teaching, and training
A Alternativa interpreta:
teaching / training = continuous tenses
Técnica utilizada pela banca: Explorar a aparência gráfica em -ing para provocar classificação automática e incorreta.
❌ (B)
Tipo do Distrator: Distorção de Sentido (Distortion of Meaning).
Por que está errada?
A alternativa considera correta somente a afirmativa 3, ignorando que children é uma forma plural irregular.
Mapeamento do Erro:
child → singular
children → plural
curriculum → singular
Técnica utilizada pela banca: Generalizar a classificação de número sem verificar individualmente cada substantivo.
❌ (D)
Tipo do Distrator: Contradição Direta (Direct Contradiction).
Por que está errada?
A alternativa considera corretas justamente as duas afirmativas incorretas (2 e 3), contrariando tanto a análise morfológica quanto a classificação sintática do texto.
Mapeamento do Erro:
teaching / training
≠ Continuous Tenses
children
≠ Singular Noun
Técnica utilizada pela banca: Reunir duas afirmações falsas na mesma alternativa para testar simultaneamente conhecimentos de morfologia verbal e flexão nominal.
❌ (E)
Tipo do Distrator: Verdadeira, mas Incompleta (True but Incomplete).
Por que está errada?
A afirmativa 4 realmente está correta, porém a afirmativa 3 permanece incorreta porque children é plural irregular. Além disso, a alternativa ignora a afirmativa 1, que também é verdadeira.
Mapeamento do Erro:
✔ 4 — Correta
✘ 3 — Incorreta
✘ Ignora a afirmativa 1
Técnica utilizada pela banca: Misturar uma proposição verdadeira com outra falsa para produzir uma resposta aparentemente consistente.
- Questão híbrida envolvendo Vocabulary e Grammar.
- aesthetic admite attractive como near-synonym no contexto.
- Palavras terminadas em -ing nem sempre representam tempos contínuos; podem exercer função nominal.
- children é um dos plurais irregulares mais cobrados em concursos.
- curriculum permanece no singular; seu plural clássico é curricula.
- adolescence e youth preservam equivalência contextual no trecho.
- Os principais distratores exploram Distorção de Sentido, Contradição Direta e Verdadeira, mas Incompleta.
Chunk family:
- aesthetic growth
- mental and moral growth
- formal education
- structured instruction
- teaching and training
- primary education
- during adolescence
- plural irregular: child → children
Gabarito Oficial: C